Thursday, May 29, 2014

Today's Mexico

  • Name: Estados Unidos Mexicanos
  • Mexico's territory covers almost two million square kilometers (over 760,000 square miles)
  • Its population is over 113 million. It is the most populous Spanish'speaking countries in the world.
  • Mexico is a federation comprising 31 states and a Federal District, the capital city.
  • 62 indigenous languages are still spoken in Mexico. The indigenous languages with most speakers are Nahuatl, Maya, Mixteco, Otomi, Zapoteco, Tzeltal.
  • The three states with the greatest proportion of indigenous residents are Yucatan, at 59%, chiefly Maya, Oaxaca, with 48% of the population, the most numerous groups being the Mixtecos and Zapotecos; and Quintana Roo at 39% , chiefly Maya. Other states with a considerable amount of indigenous people are: Campeche, Chiapas, Hidalgo, Puebla, Guerrero, San Luis Potosi, and Veracruz.
  • Since the promulgation of the Law of Indigenous Linguistic Rights in 2003, the indigenous languages and their 364 recognized varieties have had status as national languages, with equal validity with Spanish in all the areas and contexts in which they are spoken. 
  • Mexican population is considered mainly "Catholic" but, as a result of the blending of indigenous cultures and the Spanish Catholicism, there are indigenous rituals and symbols that are included in catholic practices: the Santa Muerte, the Virgen de Guadalupe, animal sacrifices, ceremonies in natural spots, the rituals with curanderos...
  • Mexico ranks sixth in the world and first in the Americas by number of UNESCO World Heritage Sites with 32. In 2010, Mexico was the tenth most visited country in the world, with 22.5 million international arrivals.
  • Mexico is one of the 18 megadiverse countries of the world. With over 200,000 different species, Mexico is home of 10-12% of the world's biodiversity. Mexico is also considered the second country in the world in ecosystems. 
  • Some of Mexico's native culinary ingredients include: chocolate, avocado, tomato, maize, vanilla, guava, chayote, epazote, camote, jicama, nopal, tejocote, sapote, mamey, many varieties of beans, and an even greater variety of chiles, such as the habanero and the jalapeƱo. Most of these names come from indigenous languages like Nahuatl.
  • Mexico is the tenth largest oil producer in the world, and the largest silver producer in the world. 
  • In 2014, the minimum wage is 67.29 - 63.77 pesos for eight working hours. This is equal to about $5 a day. From 2006 to 2010, population living in extreme or moderate poverty rose from 35 to 46% (52 million persons)
  • The telecommunications industry is mostly dominated by Telmex )Telefonos de Mexico),privatized in 1990. Carlos Slim, the second richest man in the world in 2013, is the chairman and chief executive of this company. 
  • The remittances from Mexican citizens working in the United States of America account for 0.2% of Mexico's GDP which was equal to US $20 billion per year in 2004, and is the tenth largest source of foreign income after oil, industrial exports, manufactured goods, electronics, heavy industry, automobilies, construction, food, banking and financial services. 

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